Our country is a major agricultural nation, with an annual production of agricultural and forestry organic waste exceeding 4 billion tons, mainly including crop residues, livestock manure, edible fungus residue, fruit and vegetable residues, garden pruning waste, and agricultural product processing by-products. A large amount of waste is discarded randomly, incinerated outdoors, or stored in a simple manner, which not only causes resource waste but also leads to air pollution, water body eutrophication, soil heavy metal accumulation, pest and disease proliferation and spread, etc., becoming a prominent bottleneck restricting rural ecological revitalization and agricultural green development. At the same time, the demand for high-quality organic fertilizers, soil improvers, and functional carbon-based materials in agricultural production continues to rise. Excessive application of traditional fertilizers has led to soil compaction, acidification, decline in organic matter, and increased surface pollution, and the pressure of carbon sequestration and emission reduction in farmland is increasing day by day. It is urgently needed to have green, efficient, and low-cost resource utilization technologies as support. This article focuses on the major demands of national agricultural green development, rural revitalization, carbon peak and carbon neutrality, and agricultural non-point source pollution control, and focuses on the core issues of harmless disposal and high-value resource utilization of agricultural and forestry organic waste. It proposes to carry out research and development on the coupling technology of preparing biochar/biofertilizer and harmless disposal of agricultural and forestry organic waste, so as to break through the technical bottlenecks restricting the high-value utilization of agricultural and forestry waste and promote the development of regional agricultural circular economy.