Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic has brought to the forefront the challenges faced by frontline health workers (FHWs) worldwide, particularly in low-income communities where healthcare systems are already stretched. This study examines the disproportionate impact of COVID-19 on FHWs in Kolkata, India, focusing on psychological, economic, and social implications during the pandemic's early stages in 2019. Using a mixed-methods approach, the study collects quantitative data through surveys and qualitative data through interviews. Findings indicate significant psychological distress, financial instability, and social stigmatization among FHWs, exacerbating their vulnerability. The results highlight the urgent need for systemic reforms, particularly in mental health services, hazard pay, and public education to mitigate stigma. This study provides valuable insights into the specific needs of FHWs and suggests targeted interventions for better support and protection.