Abstract

Decarbonization stands as a critical imperative in the global pursuit of sustainable development and climate mitigation. This paper presents a comprehensive evaluation of regulatory frameworks for decarbonization, drawing lessons from both the United States (US) and Nigeria. The analysis encompasses a multifaceted exploration of regulatory approaches, stakeholder engagement, adaptive governance, and policy innovation within the context of two distinct yet interconnected socio-economic landscapes. Through a comparative lens, the study illuminates contrasting regulatory strategies employed by these nations, highlighting key similarities, differences, successes, and challenges. In the US, a historical overview reveals the interplay between federal and state-level regulations, showcasing the impact of policies, laws, and incentives on decarbonization efforts. Meanwhile, in Nigeria, an examination of the energy landscape uncovers the complexities of regulatory frameworks amidst unique socio-economic challenges. Despite disparities, shared experiences offer valuable insights for mutual learning and collaboration. The evaluation identifies effective metrics for assessing regulatory success, emphasizing the importance of stakeholder engagement and policy flexibility in navigating evolving decarbonization challenges. Furthermore, the study explores the role of emerging technologies in driving regulatory innovation, presenting opportunities and challenges for both nations. Ultimately, the paper offers recommendations tailored to enhance regulatory frameworks in the US and Nigeria, urging policymakers, stakeholders, and researchers to leverage international cooperation and knowledge exchange in the pursuit of ambitious decarbonization goals.